Socializing a puppy

The big window

AVSAB says the first three months are when sociability is stronger than fear, so it is the main time for a puppy to get used to new people, animals, and places. It says too little socialization can raise the risk of fear, avoidance, or aggression later.

AVSAB also says to expose puppies as much as can be done safely, without too much fear or hiding.

What to include

AVSAB suggests gentle handling of all body parts, many kinds of people, friendly well-socialized animals, car rides, different floors, tunnels, and steps.

It also says to leave time for naps and for playing alone with favorite toys, such as food toys. This helps puppies learn to entertain themselves. Keep offering new experiences through the first year.

Puppy classes

AVSAB says puppies can start socialization classes as early as 7 to 8 weeks old. It says a puppy should have at least one set of vaccines at least 7 days before the first class, plus a first deworming, and keep up with vaccines during the class. Ask your vet what schedule fits your puppy.

It says to avoid dog parks and other busy places where dogs' vaccine or health status is unknown. Classes and training at home should use rewards like praise, petting, play, and treats.

If your puppy seems scared

AVSAB says to keep socializing puppies older than three months with as many people, pets, and places as is practical. It says owners of puppies who show fear should seek help from a veterinarian.